#Global Helper Functions

$debug = env('APP_DEBUG');         // true or false (cast from string)
$name  = env('APP_NAME', 'App');   // second argument is the default

config('app.debug')   // reads env('APP_DEBUG')
config('db.host')     // reads env('DB_HOST')

if (app_env('production')) {
    // only in production
}

if (app_env('local', 'testing')) {
    // in local or testing
}

if (is_debug()) {
    dump($query);
}

base_path();                    // /var/www/myapp
base_path('composer.json');     // /var/www/myapp/composer.json

app_path('Models/User.php');    // /var/www/myapp/app/Models/User.php
public_path('css/app.css');     // /var/www/myapp/public/css/app.css
storage_path('logs/app.log');   // /var/www/myapp/storage/logs/app.log
views_path('auth/login.luna');  // /var/www/myapp/views/auth/login.luna

view('home.index');

view('user.profile', [
    'user' => $user,
    'posts' => $posts,
]);

// Redirect to an explicit URL
redirect('/dashboard');

// Redirect back to the previous page
redirect()->back();

// Redirect to a named route
redirect()->route('login');

// Redirect with a fallback if the referer is not available
redirect()->back('/home');

redirect('/profile')
    ->with('success', 'Profile updated.')
    ->withInput()
    ->withErrors(['name' => 'The name field is required.']);

flash()->success('Your changes have been saved.');
flash()->error('Something went wrong. Please try again.');
flash()->warning('Your session is about to expire.');
flash()->info('A new version is available.');

// Custom key
flash()->write('verification_sent', true);

if (flash()->has('success')) {
    echo flash()->get('success');
}

// Shorthand — type aliases work with or without the _flash_ prefix
flash()->get('error');    // resolves _flash_error
flash()->get('warning');  // resolves _flash_warning

// Get everything at once (non-destructive)
$all = flash()->all();

@if ($flash->has('success'))
    <div class="alert alert-success">{{ $flash->get('success') }}</div>
@endif

// Retrieve a value
$userId = session('user_id');

// Store a value
session('theme', 'dark');

// Store multiple values at once
session(['locale' => 'en', 'timezone' => 'UTC']);

// Retrieve the fluent SessionManager instance
session()->put('cart', $items);
session()->forget('cart');

old('email');           // returns the old value or empty string
old('name', 'Guest');   // returns 'Guest' if no old value exists

<input type="email" name="email" value="@old('email')">

// All errors across all bags
errors();

// The first error message for a specific field
errors('email');         // returns string|null

// All error messages for a specific field
errors('email', true);   // returns array

has_error('email');

<input
    type="text"
    name="name"
    class="{{ has_error('name') ? 'is-invalid' : '' }}"
    value="@old('name')"
>
@if (has_error('name'))
    <span class="error">{{ errors('name') }}</span>
@endif

url('/about');                         // https://example.com/about
url('/search', ['q' => 'slenix']);     // https://example.com/search?q=slenix

asset('css/app.css');     // https://example.com/css/app.css
asset('js/main.js');

route('home');
route('user.show', ['id' => 42]);     // https://example.com/users/42

current_url();    // https://example.com/dashboard?tab=settings

request_path();   // /dashboard

is_active('/home');          // exact match
is_active('/blog/*');        // wildcard — matches /blog/any-post

// Returns the second argument on match, third on no match
is_active('/dashboard', 'active', '');

<a href="/dashboard" class="{{ is_active('/dashboard', 'active') }}">Dashboard</a>

return response('Not Found', 404);
return response(json_encode($data), 200);

abort(404);
abort(403, 'You do not have permission to access this resource.');

abort_if($user->isBanned(), 403);
abort_if(!$post->exists, 404, 'Post not found.');

abort_unless($user->isAdmin(), 403);
abort_unless($token->isValid(), 401, 'Invalid token.');

$token = csrf_token();

echo csrf_field();
// <input type="hidden" name="_csrf_token" value="...">

echo method_field('PUT');
// <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="PUT">

<form method="POST" action="{{ route('post.update', ['id' => $post->id]) }}">
    @csrf
    @method('PUT')
    ...
</form>

$cipher = encrypt('sensitive value');
$plain  = decrypt($cipher);          // 'sensitive value'

$hash = hash_make('secret-password');

if (hash_check('secret-password', $hash)) {
    // password is correct
}

sanitize('  <script>alert(1)</script>  ');
// '&lt;script&gt;alert(1)&lt;/script&gt;'

validate_name('Cláudio Silva');   // true
validate_name('cl4udio!');        // false

camel_case('foo_bar_baz');    // 'fooBarBaz'
snake_case('FooBarBaz');      // 'foo_bar_baz'
pascal_case('foo-bar-baz');   // 'FooBarBaz'
kebab_case('FooBarBaz');      // 'foo-bar-baz'

str_default('', 'Anonymous');      // 'Anonymous'
str_default('Claudio', 'Anonymous'); // 'Claudio'

limit('Hello, World!', 7);          // 'Hello, ...'
limit('Hello, World!', 7, ' →');    // 'Hello,  →'

str_slug('Olá, Mundo!');          // 'ola-mundo'
str_slug('Hello World', '_');     // 'hello_world'

str_contains_any('Hello World', ['World', 'Earth']);   // true
str_contains_any('Hello World', ['Mars', 'Venus']);    // false

mask('joao@email.com', '*', 2, 8);   // 'jo********mail.com'
mask('4111111111111111', '*', 0, 12); // '************1111'

is_empty(null);   // true
is_empty('');     // true
is_empty([]);     // true
is_empty(0);      // false

$data = ['user' => ['address' => ['city' => 'Luanda']]];

array_get($data, 'user.address.city');        // 'Luanda'
array_get($data, 'user.address.zip', 'N/A'); // 'N/A'

$data = [];
array_set($data, 'user.address.city', 'Luanda');
// $data = ['user' => ['address' => ['city' => 'Luanda']]]

array_only(['name' => 'Ana', 'email' => 'ana@x.com', 'password' => '...'], ['name', 'email']);
// ['name' => 'Ana', 'email' => 'ana@x.com']

array_except(['name' => 'Ana', 'password' => '...'], ['password']);
// ['name' => 'Ana']

array_flatten([[1, 2], [3, [4, 5]]]);
// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

array_wrap('hello');   // ['hello']
array_wrap(['hello']); // ['hello']
array_wrap(null);      // []

$users = collect($userArray)
    ->filter(fn($u) => $u['active'])
    ->sortBy('name')
    ->pluck('email')
    ->take(10)
    ->all();

to_json(['name' => 'Cláudio', 'active' => true]);

$data = from_json('{"name":"Cláudio"}');
$data['name']; // 'Cláudio'

// Return as stdClass
from_json('{"name":"Cláudio"}', false);

$date = now();
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');

format_date('2025-01-15', 'd/m/Y');         // '15/01/2025'
format_date('2025-01-15 14:30:00');         // '15/01/2025 14:30:00'
format_date('not-a-date');                  // null

human_date('2025-01-14 10:00:00');   // 'há 3 dias'
human_date(now()->modify('-2 hours')); // 'há 2 horas'

dd($user, $request, $config);

dump($user);
// execution continues

echo benchmark() . ' ms';